Cow manure, also known as cow dung, is mostly digested grass and, depending on the cattle’s diet, may also contain grain. It’s not just cow droppings, as it contains tracks of hay, straw, grains,...

Cattle certainly do experience pain. This can occur during dehorning, lameness, parturition, and when sick or injured. Cows appear to have different tolerances to pain and can also feel...

There are numerous causes of mastitis in cows. It can also be complicated to treat depending on the severity and the source of the infection. Mastitis collectively costs farmers billions of dollars...

Cows can only produce milk during pregnancy and for up to 12 months post-birth. Milk production in cows is a complex process that involves different hormones, including oestrogen, progesterone,...

A cow’s digestive system consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine. These organs help cows to break down food for the provision of energy. The main distinctive feature...